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nIdLk|;fb vltj8f

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w]/} ;x/L hgtfsf]] b}lgsL df]afOnaf6 ;'? eP/ df]afOnd} ;dfKt x'g] s'/f ca gof“ /x]g . k|ljlwsf] ljZj 5f]Kg] kv]6f JolQmsf] d'7Ldf s}b x'g nflu/x]sf] cj:yfdf ;~rf/sf] ax'k|rlnt dfWod df]afOnk|lt dflg;sf] ´'DofO yfldg;Sg' 5 . laxfg df]afOnsf] cnfd{;“u} Ao'“l´g] xfd|f] w]/} ;do df]afOndf g} laTg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . cem o'jf ju{df emg\ df]afOn ;a}eGbf Kof/f] j:t' / rrf{sf] ljÈo ag]sf] 5 . ahf/df cfPsf] gof“ df]8nsf] df]afOn ;]6sf] avfg xf];\ of ev{/} k|fKt PdPdP;sf] rrf{ cflv/ ;fyLefOsf] hd36df :yfg kfOg} xfN5 df]afOnn] .

x'g klg kl5Nnf] ;dodf df]afOn kmf]g af]Sg]sf] ;+Vof x\jfQ} a9]sf] 5 . b"/;~rf/ If]qsf] lgodgsf/L lgsfo g]kfn b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0fsf] kl5Nnf] tYof+scg';f/ d'n'ssf] 6]ln3gTj $% gfl3;s]sf] 5 . s'n b"/;~rf/ k|of]ustf{df df]afOn k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof ;a}eGbf a9L 5 . sl/a $) k|ltzt g]kfnL clxn] df]afOn af]S5g\ . ;]jfk|bfos sDkgLx¿n] j]nfj]nfdf Nofpg] l:sd / ckm/n] pkef]QmfnfO{ c´ xf}:ofPsf] 5 .

;do / k|ljlwdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0F s'g} ;dodf ljnfl;tfsf] ;fwgsf ¿kdf JofVof x'g] df]afOn kmf]g clxn] cTofjZos g} alg;s]sf] 5 . df]afOn cfddflg;sf] cleGg c+u eO;s]sf]n] g} xf]nf, ;/sf/n] klg df]afOnd}qL gLlt lnPsf] 5 …3/3/df OG6/g]6 xftxftdf df]afOn .Ú oxL gLltsf] cg'z/0F ub}{ b"/;~rf/ sDkgLx¿ /ft b'u'gf lbg rf}u'gf u|fxs yKg] xf]8afhLdf 5g\ . ;]jfk|bfos sDkgLaLrsf] k|lt:kwf{, ;]jf z'Nsdf cfPsf] lu/fj6, df]afOn ;]6sf] d"Nodf cfPsf] lu/fj6, ;]jf lj:tf/nufotsf sf/0f u|fxssf] ;+Vofdf pRr j[l4 ePsf] xf] .

cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df b"/;~rf/ pks/0Fsf] d"Nodf cfPsf] lu/fj6 tyf b"/;~rf/ sDkgLn] u/]sf] g]6js{ lj:tf/n] klg df]afOnsf pkef]Qmf j[l4 x'g ;3fPsf] 5 . ;~rf/ Ô]qdf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] :yfg lhP;Pd df]afOnsf] 5 . tYof+scg';f/ o;sf] ;~rf/ Ô]qdf *) k|ltzteGbf a9L lx:;f 5 . lhP;Pddf ;]jf k|bfosaLr a9]sf] k|lt:kwf{ / cfqmfds ahf/ /0FgLltsf sf/0F ahf/sf] cfsf/ Ps jÈ{d} (% k|ltztn] a9]sf] k|flws/0fsf] tYof+s 5 . cfly{s jÈ{ )^&÷)^* df lhP;Pd df]afOn k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof cl3Nnf] cfjsf] t'ngfdf emG8} bf]Aa/ ePsf] 5 . of] j[l4;“u} g]kfndf df]afOn k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof Ps s/f]8 ;ft nfv k'u]sf] 5 . tLg jif{df ;a} hgtfdf b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k'Ug] bfaL k|flws/0fsf] 5 .

P3f/ jif{cl3 ;g\ !((( df g]kfn 6]lnsdn] klxnf]k6s lhP;Pd df]afOn ;]jf leœofPsf] lyof] . 6]lnsdn] df]afOn ;]jf ;'? ubf{ ;fdfGo JolQmn] o;nfO{ cf“Sg} g;Sg] cj:yf lyof] . 6]lnsdaf6 df]afOn lng %! xhf/ ?k}of“ ltg'{kYof]{ . rfvnfUbf] s'/f t s] xf] eg] )%* ;fndf ;/sf/n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] cfosf] :jo+s/ 3f]if0ff ubf{ df]afOn af]Sg]x¿sf] klg lgu/fgL u/]sf] lyof] . Toltv]/ df]afOn af]Sg] wgLdf ulgGy] t/ clxn] emG8} cfwf g]kfnL df]afOn af]Sg] eO;s]sf 5g\ .

;/sf/L :jfldTjsf] g]kfn 6]lnsdn] lhP;Pd / l;l8PdP k|ljlwsf] df]afOn ;]jf ;~rfng ul//x]sf] 5 eg] lghLIf]qsf] Pg;]nn] ;'?b]lv g} lhP;Pd k|ljlwdf ;]jf lj:tf/ ul//x]sf] 5 . o'l6Pn, :df6{ 6]lnsd, g]kfn :of6]nfO6 / P;l6Pd ;~rf/n] lnld6]8 df]laln6L k|ljlwsf df]afOn ;]jf ;~rfngsf nflu cg'dlt kfPsf 5g\ .

kl5Nnf jif{x¿df ;]jf k|bfossf] cfqmfds ahf/ lj:tf/;“u} d'n'sdf df]afOn ;]6sf] Jofkf/ klg lgs} km:6fPsf] 5 . eG;f/ ljefusf] tYof+scg';f/ g]kfndf jflif{s sl/a ;f9] tLg ca{ ?k}of“a/fa/sf df]afOn ;]6 cfoft eO/x]sf 5g\ . of] tYof+s jif}{lkR5] a9\bf] qmddf 5 . t/, df]afOnsf] ahf/ ;/sf/L tYof+seGbf a9L /x]sf] ljq]mtfx¿ atfp“5g\ . PsltxfO df]afOn ;]6 eG;f/sf] bfo/feGbf aflx/af6 cfpg] u/]sf] bfaL pgLx¿sf] 5 . g]kfnL pkef]Qmfsf] ;f]v / cfjZostfsf sf/0f df]afOn ahf/df dx“uf / cTofw'lgs a|fG8sf] xf]8 g} rn]sf] 5 . ljleGg a|fG8sf] a9\bf] pkl:yltn] d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{ a9]sf] 5 / To;af6 cGttM u|fxsnfO{ g} kmfObf k'u]sf] 5 . u|fxs cfslif{t ug{ cfsif{s ;f]?d / ;'ljwf;DkGg ;le{; ;]G6/ v'Ng] qmd klg TolQs} 5 .

cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df ;fj{hlgs ePsf df]afOn ;]6 s]xL lbgleq} g]kfnL pkef]Qmfdf´ cfOk'U5g\ . ljZjahf/df lelqg] s'g} klg k|ljlwdWo] df]afOn ;]6 g} ;a}eGbf l56f] g]kfnL ahf/df lelqg] pks/0f xf] . g]kfndf dlN6g];gn df]afOn sDkgLsf sl/a 8]9 bh{g cflwsfl/s ljqm]tf 5g\ h;n] b'O{ xhf/b]lv nfvf}“ d"Noa/fa/sf df]afOn ;]6 g]kfnL ahf/df laqmL ul//x]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf lbgdf ljqm]tfx¿n] k'/fgf] df]afOn ;]6df gof“ lng ;Sg] ;'ljwf;d]t lbg yfn]kl5 pkef]Qmfn] w]/} ;do;Dd Pp6} ;]6 af]Sg 5f]8]sf 5g\ . ljsl;t d'n'sdf x/]s b'O{–tLg dlxgfdf df]afOn ;]6 kl/jt{g ug]]{ 6]«G8 eP klg g]kfnL pkef]Qmfn] ;/b/ b'O{ jif{df ;]6 kl/jt{g ug]{ u/]sf] cg'dfg Joj;foLsf] 5 .

df]afOnsf 7"nf a|fG8 a]Rg] sDkgLn] g]kfndf jflif{s Ps ca{ ?k}of“eGbf a9Lsf] sf/f]af/ u5{g\ . lhP;Pd, l;l8PdP, ly|hLb]lv cfOkmf]g / ANofsa]/L;Ddsf df]afOn ;]6 g]kfnL ahf/df pknAw 5g\ . cfw'lgs / dx“uf df]afOn lelqP;“u} of] ax'pkof]uL j:t' ePsf] 5 . df]afOn s'/fsfgL ug]{ dfWod dfq /x]g . /]l8of] ;'Gg, 6]lnlehg x]g{, tl:a/ lel8of] lvRg tyf x]g{ / OG6/g]6 rnfpg ldNg] df]afOn lelqP;“u} of] dgf]/~hgsf] ;fwg;d]t ePsf] 5 .

df]afOnsf] a9\bf] ;+Vof;“u} rLgdf lgld{t ;:tf t/ w]/} ;'ljwf ePsf df]afOn ;]6sf] ahf/ klg km}n“bf] 5 . s]xLcl3;Dd gf]lsof, ;fd;'ª, df]6f]/f]nf, PnhL, lkmlnK;, ;f]gL Ol/S;gh:tf ;Lldt ax'/fli6«o a|fG8sf] xflnd'xfnL /x]sf]] g]kfnL ahf/df clxn] lognfO{ lrlgof“ / ef/tLo a|fG8n] r'gf}tL lbg yfn]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL u|fxsdf ljsl;t x“'b} uPsf] ;:tf] d"Nodf a9L ;'ljwf vf]Hg] dgf]lj1fg …Sof;Ú ug{ gof“ a|fG8x¿ ;kmn klg eO/x]sf 5g\ . of] ahf/nfO{ nlIft u/]/ ltgn] u|fxsd}qL k|j4{g of]hgf / lj1fkgdf Wofg lbPsf 5g\ . s'g} Pp6f dfq ;]jfk|bfossf] ;]jfsf] :t/ /fd|f] gePsf]n] 8an l;d df]afOnsf] ;d]t lgs} dfu a9]sf] 5 . ef/tLo sDkgLx¿n] g]kfnL ahf/df NofPsf clwsf+z a|fG8df 8an l;dsf] ;'ljwf 5 .

ahf/df bh{gf}“ a|fG8sf ;of}“ df]8n pknAw eP klg ;a}n] b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0faf6 …6fOk ck|'enÚ sf] cg'dlt lnPsf 5}gg\ . k|flws/0fsf cg';f/ xfn;Dd ljleGg a|fG8sf 8]9 ;o k|sf/sf lhP;Pd / cfwf bh{g l;l8PdP df]afOnn] dfq …6fOk Pk|'enÚ btf{ u/]sf 5g\ . …6fOk ck|'enÚ gu/fPsf ;]6sf sf/0f u|fxssf] ;'/Iffdf ;d]t k|Zg pl7/x]sf] k|flws/0fsf] egfO 5 . Joj;foLx¿ eg] eG;f/ / k|flws/0FaLr k|efjsf/L ;dGjo eP dfq of] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] atfp“5g\ .

a9\bf] ahf/ k|lt:kwf{ / gof“gof“ a|fG8sf] k|j]zn] g]kfnL pkef]Qmfn] ;:tf] d"Nodf ;'ljwfo'Qm df]afOn ;]6 k|of]u ug{ kfO/x]sf 5g\ . d"No 36] klg df]afOndf ;'ljwf eg] ylkPsf 5g\ . lkmgNofG8df pTkfbg x'g] gf]lsof, sf]l/ofsf] ;fd;'ª / PnhL, hfkfgsf] ;f]gL Pl/S;gsf ;fy} ef/tLo pTkfbgx¿ sn;{, sfa{g, lhkmfOe, elh{g, ef]8fkmf]gnufotsf Ps bh{geGbf a9L df]afOn a|fG8x¿ g]kfnL ahf/df 5g\ . clxn] df]afOn ahf/ pBf]usf] ¿kdf :yfkgf eO;s]sf] 5 . ahf/df pknAw a|fG8sf]] ;+Vof g} $) gf3]sf] 5 . Pp6} a|fG8sf bh{gf}“ df]8n pknAw 5g\ .

cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df ;fj{hlgs ePsf df]afOn ;]6 s]xL lbgleq} g]kfnL pkef]Qmfdf´ cfOk'U5g\ . s'g} j]nf pRr a|fG8sf] 38L nufP/ ;fdflhs k|lti7f b]vfpg]x¿ clxn] pRr a|fG8sf …dlN6kmª\S;gÚo'Qm df]afOn ;]6 af]S5g\ . g]kfndf dlN6g];gn df]afOn sDkgLsf sl/a 8]9 bh{g cflwsfl/s ljqm]tf 5g\, h;n] b'O{ xhf/b]lv nfvf}“ d"Noa/fa/sf df]afOn ;]6 g]kfnL ahf/df a]lr/x]sf 5g\ . t/, a9L laqmL x'g] kf“rb]lv !) xhf/;Ddsf ;]6 /x]sf] Joj;foLx¿ atfp“5g\ . df]afOn Joj;fosf] ahf/ jflif{s !% k|ltztn] al9/x]sf] pgLx¿sf] cg'dfg 5 .

g]kfndf df]afOn ;]jf k|bfosx¿n] lbg] ;'ljwfsf] ;"rL Tolt nfdf] geP klg ljleGg ;'ljwfo'Qm df]afOn ahf/df kfOG5g\ . g]kfn 6]lnsdn] sn km/jfl8{ª, sn xf]N8, sn j]l6ª, EjfO; d]n ;le{;, P;PdP;, PdPdP;, l;cf/la6L, lkcf/la6L, lhlkcf/P;h:tf ;'ljwf lbPsf] 5 eg] Pg;]nn] lhlkcf/P;, PdPdP;, EjfO;d]n, lkcf/la6L, 5'6]sf] snsf] hfgsf/L lbg]h:tf ;'ljwfx¿ pknAw u/fO/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn 6]lnsdn] ;'? u/]sf] ly|hL -y8{ h]g/];g_ ;'ljwf g} g]kfndf kfOg] cTofw'lgs df]afOn ;]jf xf] . ;]jf k|bfos ;]jf ;'ljwf yKg]eGbf klg ahf/ lj:tf/df g} a9L s]lGb|t 5g\ .

;g\ !(() sf] bzsdf cd]l/sf / :SoflG8g]leog b]zx¿af6 ;'? ePsf] df]afOn kmf]g To;sf] emG8} Ps bzskl5 ;g\ !((( df g]kfn lelqPsf] xf] . df]afOnn] ;o jÈ{ k'/fgf] tf/jfnf NofG8nfOg kmf]gsf] dfu g} 7Kk kfl/lbPsf] 5 .

;]jf k|bfos df]afOn sDkgLsf] u|fxs / sf/f]af/

sDkgL u|fxs s'n sf/f]af/ -cfj @)^^÷^&_ /fh:j

g]kfn 6]lnsd ^^#&)&) @%)%*#)#*() !))@##@!%^

Pg;]n %$@!$!$ &*()%&*#(& #!%^@#!#^

o'gfO6]8 6]lnsd %^(!$@ !@@#*@&##& $*(%#)(#

P;l6Pd 6]lnsd ;~rf/ %#(( !^$())@$% ^%(^))(

g]kfn :of6]nfO6 6]lnsd *(##& #@%@$^(% !#))(**

:df6{ 6]lnsd !)(@@( %^%))* @@^))

;|f]t M g]kfn b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0f

sxf“ s] elgG5 <

df]afOnnfO{ 7fp“ / ;+:s[lt tyf hLjgz}nLcg';f/ km/s–km/s gfddf lrlgG5 . a]nfotL / :k]gLx¿ o;nfO{ df]laN; eG5g\ eg] cd]l/sLx¿ ;]nkmf]g eG5g\ . hd{gx¿ df]afOnnfO{ x\ofG8L eG5g\ eg] lkmgNofG8jf;L SoflgSof6 . lrlgof“x¿n] zf] hL eGg] df]afOnnfO{ hfkfgLx¿ v]OtfO{ eG5g\ .

केहि रोचक जानकारी

· ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3cGtu{tsf] cGt/f{li6«o 6]lnsDo'lgs];g o'lgog -cfOl6o'_ sf]] Ps k|ltj]bgcg';f/ ljZje/sf df]afOn k|of]ustf{n] Ps ;]s]G8df b'O{ nfveGbf a9L df]afOn ;Gb]z cfbfgk|bfg u5{g\ .

· ljZje/ df]afOn k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof kf“r ca{ #) s/f]8 5 h;dWo] ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zdf dfq} tLg ca{ *) s/f]8 5 .

· ljZjsf] () k|ltzteGbf a9L hg;+Vof df]afOn g]6js{sf] kx'“rdf 5 .

· ($ s/f]8 dflg;sf] kx'“r ly|hLdf 5 .

· ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'sdf df]afOn k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof &# k|ltzt 5 .

· @)!) ;Dddf cfOk'Ubf ljZjsf Ps ;o $# b]zdf ly|hL ;]jfsf] Jofj;flos ;'?jft ePsf] 5 .

· df]afOn kmf]g pBf]uLx¿sf] ;+u7g lhP;Pd P;f]l;P;gsf cg';f/ ljZje/ dflg;n] df]afOndf s'/f u/]sf] ;do lx;fa ug]{ xf] eg] dlxgfdf !) va{ ldg]6 k'U5 .

df]afOn lsGbf Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/f

· df]afOn lsGbf cfOPdOcfO{ x]g'{k5{ . cfOPdOcfO{ gDa/af6 Tof] ;]6 g]kfnsf nflu j}wflgs ¿kdf lelqPsf] xf]–xf]Og yfxf x'G5 .

· cflwsfl/s sDkgLsf] cflwsfl/s ;f]?daf6 jf/]G6L;lxtsf] df]afOn ;]6 lsGg'k5{ .

· sDkgLsf] ;le{; ;]G6/sf af/]df hfgsf/L lng'k5{ .

· l;n Kofs ul/Psf] ;]6 dfq lng'k5{ .

· Aof6«Ldf g]kfnl:yt cflwsfl/s clws[t ljqm]tfsf] xf]nf]u|fd x]g'{k5{ .

· ;]6;“u} Aof6«L, rfh{/, d]df]/L sf8{ cflb klg r]s u/]/ lng'k5{ .